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Au Moyen Âge, c’est entre le xie et le xiiie siècle que l’exploitation et l’utilisation des métaux, et plus particulièrement celle de l’argent, se retrouvent sous la mainmise seigneuriale. L’intérêt des maîtres du ban pour l’exploitation des ressources naturelles s’est en effet manifesté de façon prépondérante dans le secteur des minerais métalliques, en relation étroite avec les frappes monétaires notamment. L’étude de la question minière pour cette période met à contribution plusieurs types de sources écrites et archéologiques. En ce qui concerne les textes, si les chartes sont plutôt rares et parfois sujettes à caution, la documentation sérielle du bas Moyen Âge offre un ensemble copieux et encore en bonne part sous-exploité, tout particulièrement les comptabilités châtelaines. Mais c’est sans doute de l’archéologie extensive et de terrain que l’on peut attendre le plus de résultats nouveaux. D’une part, par l’organisation de vastes prospections dans des zones de production minière attestées par la géologie mais aussi par des indices d’exploitation ancienne ou plus récente, d’autre part, par la fouille de sites miniers qui s’est concentrée jusqu’alors sur un petit nombre d’exemples étudiés en profondeur mais n’a concerné qu’une faible partie des sites recensés. Cet ouvrage rassemble les contributions présentées lors de la table ronde organisée à Lyon le 15 mai 2002 pour faire le point sur un ensemble de recherches portant sur différents espaces européens : Dauphiné, Savoie, Provence, Piémont, Toscane, Andalousie et Bohème.

Economic history --- Mines and mineral resources --- Histoire économique --- Mines et ressources minières --- Medieval, 500-1500 --- Congresses. --- History --- Congrès --- Histoire --- Histoire économique --- Mines et ressources minières --- Congrès --- Medieval & Renaissance Studies --- Moyen Âge --- industrie minière --- mine --- histoire économique --- actes de congrès --- Industrie minière --- Moyen âge

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Geology --- Mines and mineral resources --- Géologie --- Mines et ressources minières --- Periodicals --- Periodicals. --- Périodiques --- Mineralogy --- Geology. --- Mineralogy. --- Mines and mineral resources. --- Cuba. --- Deposits, Mineral --- Mineral deposits --- Mineral resources --- Mines and mining --- Mining --- Geognosy --- Geoscience --- Guba --- Kkuba --- Küba --- Republic of Cuba --- República de Cuba --- geology --- mining --- metallurgy --- ore deposits --- nickel extraction --- cobalt extraction --- Natural resources --- Geology, Economic --- Minerals --- Physical geology --- Crystallography --- Earth sciences --- Natural history --- Kuuba --- Kyūba

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L'Antarctique, continent jadis oublié, est devenu un sujet de premier ordre dans le contexte actuel des relations internationales. Aux préoccupations juridiques, politiques et stratégiques se sont jointes par la suite les préoccupations économiques, notamment celles concernant l'exploration et l'exploitation des ressources minérales. Le silence du Traité sur l'Antarctique à cet égard a posé le problème de l'approche à suivre pour combler cette lacune, source potentielle de conflits dans la région. Il a fallu harmoniser aussi bien les intérêts des pays possessionnés que ceux des pays non possessionnés, sans perdre de vue, en même temps, les intérêts de la Communauté internationale. Le résultat de ces accommodements a été la Convention sur la Réglementation des activités relatives aux ressources minérales de l'Antarctique du 2 juin 1988, instrument qui est analysé en détail par l'auteur. La Convention, négociée dans la difficile complexité antarctique et dans une atmosphère de confrontation Nord/Sud et Sud/Sud, constitue un vrai défi pour la continuité du système. C'est dans ce contexte que certains pays en développement ont mené la bataille pour accorder à l'Antarctique le statut de « patrimoine commun de l'humanité ». Cet instrument représente l'un des meilleurs textes juridiques élaborés jusqu'à nos jours. Les intérêts économiques des Parties consultatives n'ont pas empêché une réelle préoccupation pour la protection de l'environnement et les intérêts de la Communauté internationale. L'équilibre ainsi réussi est tout à fait remarquable.

Law of nations: objects and subjects --- Antarctica --- Mines and mineral resources --- Mines et ressources minières --- Antarctique --- International status --- Statut international --- Mining law --- International status. --- -Mining law --- -341.228 <99> --- Law, Mining --- Subsoil rights --- Concessions --- Labor laws and legislation --- Power resources --- Law and legislation --- Antarctic Regions --- -Antarctic regions --- Polar regions --- Power resourcesLaw and legislation --- Law and legislationAntarctic Regions --- Polar regionsInternational status. --- -International status. --- Mines et ressources minières --- 341.228 <99> --- Convention on the Regulation of Antarctic Mineral Resource Activities --- Antarctic Minerals Convention --- Mining law - Antarctica --- Antarctica - International status --- diplomatie --- échanges mondiaux --- coopération internationale --- politique étrangère --- environnement et ressources naturelles --- droit international économique --- relations économiques extérieures --- développement économique --- géopolitique --- ressources naturelles

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These proceedings comprise the peer-reviewed contributions submitted to the 11th International Congress for Applied Mineralogy (ICAM) held July 5-10, 2013, at the Southwest University of Science and Technology (SWUST) in Mianyang, China. The biennial ICAM is the most important gathering of applied mineralogists, organized every other year by the ICAM-Council. The multidisciplinary research presented in this book will be of interest to scientists and professionals dealing with topics like environmental and medical mineralogy; industrial minerals; bio-minerals and biomaterials; advanced materials; process mineralogy; mining and metallurgy; cultural heritage; the interaction of minerals with microorganisms; and solid waste treatment and recycling, including genetic mineralogy. “The field of applied mineralogy has been able to match society’s pace by continuously reinventing itself, quickly adopting new technologies and instrumentation as they became available and putting them to work for the service of mankind living in a world that heavily relies on minerals. Over the past few decades, applied mineralogy has evolved into a cutting- edge discipline that leads the way for science, engineering and research and development to benefit society. Contrary to popular belief, mineral resources are limited, and we have an obligation to our heirs to use them responsibly.” Dr. Maarten A.T.M. Broekmans Post-President ICAM Council.

Earth Sciences. --- Mineralogy. --- Ceramics, Glass, Composites, Natural Methods. --- Mineral Resources. --- Geochemistry. --- Geography. --- Mines and mineral resources. --- Géographie --- Géochimie --- Mines et ressources minières --- Minéralogie --- Mineralogy -- Congresses. --- Geology --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Mineralogy --- Earth sciences. --- Mineral resources. --- Ceramics, Glass, Composites, Natural Materials. --- Chemical composition of the earth --- Chemical geology --- Geological chemistry --- Geology, Chemical --- Chemistry --- Earth sciences --- Deposits, Mineral --- Mineral deposits --- Mineral resources --- Mines and mining --- Mining --- Natural resources --- Geology, Economic --- Minerals --- Physical geology --- Crystallography --- Ceramics. --- Glass. --- Composites (Materials). --- Composite materials. --- Composites (Materials) --- Multiphase materials --- Reinforced solids --- Solids, Reinforced --- Two phase materials --- Materials --- Amorphous substances --- Ceramics --- Glazing --- Ceramic technology --- Industrial ceramics --- Keramics --- Building materials --- Chemistry, Technical --- Clay

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This extensively updated second edition of the already valuable reference targets research chemists and engineers who have chosen a career in the complex and essential petroleum industry, as well as other professionals just entering the industry who seek a comprehensive and accessible resource on petroleum processing. The handbook describes and discusses the key components and processes that make up the petroleum refining industry. Beginning with the basics of crude oils and their nature, it continues with the commercial products derived from refining and with related issues concerning their environmental impact. More in depth coverage of many topics previously covered in the first edition, such as hydraulic fracturing or fracking as it is often termed, help ensure this reference remains a relevant and up-to- date resource. At its core is a complete overview of the processes that make up a modern refinery, plus a brief history of the development of processes. Also described in detail are design techniques, operations and in the case of catalytic units, the chemistry of the reaction routes. These discussions are supported by calculation procedures and examples, which enable readers to use today’s simulation-software packages. The handbook also covers off-sites and utilities, as well as environmental and safety aspects relevant to the industry. The chapter on refinery planning covers both operational planning and the decision making procedures for new or revamped processes. Major equipment used in the industry is reviewed along with details and examples of the process specifications for each. An extensive glossary and dictionary of the terms and expressions used in petroleum refining, plus appendices supplying data such as converging factors and selected crude oil assays, as well as an example of optimizing a refinery configuration using linear programming are all included to aid the reader. The 2nd edition of the Handbook of Petroleum Processing is an indispensable desk reference for chemists and engineers as well as an essential part of the libraries of universities with a chemical engineering faculty and oil refineries and engineering firms performing support functions or construction.

Energy. --- Fossil Fuels (incl. Carbon Capture). --- Mineral Resources. --- Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering. --- Energy Technology. --- Geotechnical Engineering & Applied Earth Sciences. --- Chemical engineering. --- Mines and mineral resources. --- Electric engineering. --- Génie chimique --- Mines et ressources minières --- Mechanical Engineering - General --- Chemical Engineering --- Chemical & Materials Engineering --- Mechanical Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Fossil fuels. --- Mineral resources. --- Geotechnical engineering. --- Electric power production. --- Electric power generation --- Electricity generation --- Power production, Electric --- Electric power systems --- Electrification --- Engineering, Geotechnical --- Geotechnics --- Geotechnology --- Engineering geology --- Deposits, Mineral --- Mineral deposits --- Mineral resources --- Mines and mining --- Mining --- Natural resources --- Geology, Economic --- Minerals --- Chemistry, Industrial --- Engineering, Chemical --- Industrial chemistry --- Engineering --- Chemistry, Technical --- Metallurgy --- Fossil energy --- Fuel --- Energy minerals --- Energy Systems. --- Energy systems.